POJ2823 Sliding Window(单调队列,线段树,set,deque)
                        Description
 Input
 Output
 Sample Input8 3 1 3 -1 -3 5 3 6 7 Sample Output-1 -3 -3 -3 3 3 3 3 5 5 6 7 思路这是著名的滑动窗口问题,就是单调队列的基本问题。。这道题主要说一下单调队列解法 
 一般来说, 代码单调队列: #include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
#define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
#define lson l,m,rt << 1
#define rson m + 1,r,rt << 1 | 1
#define rson m + 1,rt << 1 | 1
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int,int> pir;
const int N = 1e6 + 10;
deque<pir> q1; //维护最大值
deque<pir> q2; //维护最小值
int x,MIN[N],MAX[N];
int main()
{
    //freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
    int n,k;
    scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&x);
        while (!q1.empty() && q1.back().first >= x) //队列递增
            q1.pop_back();
        q1.push_back(make_pair(x,i));
        if (i >= k)
        {
            while (!q1.empty() && q1.front().second <= i - k) //>的时候出去
                q1.pop_front();
            MIN[i] = q1.front().first;
        }
        while (!q2.empty() && q2.back().first <= x) //队列递减
            q2.pop_back();
        q2.push_back(make_pair(x,i));
        if (i >= k)
        {
            while (!q2.empty() && q2.front().second <= i - k)
                q2.pop_front();
            MAX[i] = q2.front().first;
        }
    }
    for (int i = k; i <= n; i++)
        printf("%d ",MIN[i]);
    puts("");
    for (int i = k; i <= n; i++)
        printf("%d ",MAX[i]);
    puts("");
    return 0;
} 
set做法(poj过不了,scu可过) #include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
#define mem(a,rt << 1 | 1
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
typedef long long ll;
const int N = 1e6 + 10;
multiset<int> s;
int a[N],ans1[N],ans2[N];
int main()
{
   // freopen("in.txt",k;
    while (~scanf("%d%d",&k))
    {
        s.clear();
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&a[i]);
            if (i <= k)
                s.insert(a[i]);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
        {
            int j = i + k - 1;
            ans1[i] = *s.begin();
            ans2[i] = *s.rbegin();
            s.erase(s.find(a[i]));
            s.insert(a[j + 1]);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
        {
            printf("%d ",ans1[i]);
        }
        printf("n");
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
        {
            printf("%d ",ans2[i]);
        }
        printf("n");
    }
    return 0;
} 
线段树: #include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cctype>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <set>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <list>
using namespace std;
#define mem(a,rt << 1 | 1
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
typedef long long ll;
const int N = 1e6 + 10;
int ans1[N],ans2[N];
int MAX[N << 2],MIN[N << 2];
void pushup(int rt)
{
    MAX[rt] = max(MAX[rt << 1],MAX[rt << 1 | 1]);
    MIN[rt] = min(MIN[rt << 1],MIN[rt << 1 | 1]);
}
void build(int l,int r,int rt)
{
    if (l == r)
    {
        scanf("%d",&MAX[rt]);
        MIN[rt] = MAX[rt];
        return;
    }
    int m = (l + r) >> 1;
    build(lson);
    build(rson);
    pushup(rt);
}
void update(int p,int add,int l,int rt)
{
    if (l == r)
    {
        MAX[rt] = add;
        MIN[rt] = add;
        return;
    }
    int m = (l + r) >> 1;
    if (p <= m)
        update(p,add,lson);
    else
        update(p,rson);
    pushup(rt);
}
int query_max(int L,int R,int rt)
{
    if (L <= l && r <= R)
        return MAX[rt];
    int m = (l + r) >> 1;
    int ans = -inf;
    if (L <= m)
        ans = max(ans,query_max(L,R,lson));
    if (R > m)
        ans = max(ans,rson));
    return ans;
}
int query_min(int L,int rt)
{
    if (L <= l && r <= R)
        return MIN[rt];
    int m = (l + r) >> 1;
    int ans = inf;
    if (L <= m)
        ans = min(ans,query_min(L,lson));
    if (R > m)
        ans = min(ans,rson));
    return ans;
}
int main()
{
    //freopen("in.txt",&k))
    {
        build(1,n,1);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
        {
            int j = i + k - 1;
            ans2[i] = query_max(i,j,1,1);
            ans1[i] = query_min(i,1);
        }
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
            printf("%d ",ans1[i]);
        printf("n");
        for (int i = 1; i <= n - k + 1; i++)
            printf("%d ",ans2[i]);
        printf("n");
    }
    return 0;
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