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                         1、本机DNS配置  
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf options timeout:1 attempts:1 rotate nameserver 10.202.72.116 nameserver 10.202.72.118 [root@iZ23mdqdp94Z ~]#
   
2、dns服务器搭建  
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z ~]# yum install bind  
cache文件:设置DNS服务器查询域名解析后的结果(域名与IP地址的对应关系)。  
正向解析区域:zone完成域名到IP地址的对应转换工作。  
反向解析区域:reverse zone完成从ip到域名的对应转换工作。  
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z ~]# vi /etc/named.conf
   
// // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. //
 
  options {    ........  
   # 从/var/named目录下读取DNS数据文件     directory    "/var/named";
   
   ......  
}  
 
本博客所有内容是原创,如果转载请注明来源 
http://blog.csdn.net/myhaspl/ 
  
 
named从name.ca文件中获得internet的顶层根服务器地址。  
zone "." IN {     type hint;     file "named.ca"; };
   
 
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z named]# cat named.ca
 
  ; <<>> DiG 9.9.2-P1-RedHat-9.9.2-6.P1.fc18 <<>> +bufsize=1200 +norec @a.root-servers.net ; (2 servers found) ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY,status: NOERROR,id: 25828 ;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1,ANSWER: 13,AUTHORITY: 0,ADDITIONAL: 23
 
  ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ; EDNS: version: 0,flags:; udp: 512 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;. IN NS
 
  ;; ANSWER SECTION: . 518400 IN NS a.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS b.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS c.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS d.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS e.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS f.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS g.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS h.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS i.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS j.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS k.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS l.root-servers.net. . 518400 IN NS m.root-servers.net.
 
  ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION: a.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 198.41.0.4 a.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:503:ba3e::2:30 b.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.228.79.201 c.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.33.4.12 d.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 199.7.91.13 d.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:500:2d::d e.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.203.230.10 f.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.5.5.241 f.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:500:2f::f g.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.112.36.4 h.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 128.63.2.53 h.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:500:1::803f:235 i.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.36.148.17 i.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:7fe::53 j.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 192.58.128.30 j.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:503:c27::2:30 k.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 193.0.14.129 k.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:7fd::1 l.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 199.7.83.42 l.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:500:3::42 m.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN A 202.12.27.33 m.root-servers.net. 3600000 IN AAAA 2001:dc3::35
 
  ;; Query time: 78 msec ;; SERVER: 198.41.0.4#53(198.41.0.4) ;; WHEN: Mon Jan 28 15:33:31 2013 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 699
   
   
下面是另外一个文件:  
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones // named.rfc1912.zones: // // Provided by Red Hat caching-nameserver package // // ISC BIND named zone configuration for zones recommended by // RFC 1912 section 4.1 : localhost TLDs and address zones // and http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-dnsop-default-local-zones-02.txt // (c)2007 R W Franks // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. //
 
  zone "localhost.localdomain" IN {  type master;  file "named.localhost";  allow-update { none; }; };
 
  zone "localhost" IN {  type master;  file "named.localhost";  allow-update { none; }; };
 
  zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {  type master;  file "named.loopback";  allow-update { none; }; };
 
  zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {  type master;  file "named.loopback";  allow-update { none; }; };
 
  zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {  type master;  file "named.empty";  allow-update { none; }; };
   
   
   
   
1、指定包含localhost的DNS文件  
  zone "localhost" IN {  type master;  file "named.localhost";  allow-update { none; }; };
   
   
   
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z named]# cat named.localhost $TTL 1D @ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (  0 ; serial  1D ; refresh  1H ; retry  1W ; expire  3H ) ; minimum  NS @  A 127.0.0.1  AAAA ::1
   
   
2、指定127.0.0.1地址转换主服务器,内部lookback地址  
   
zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {  type master;  file "named.loopback";  allow-update { none; }; };
   
127.0.0.1形式的地址到域名的转换。  
[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z named]# cat named.loopback $TTL 1D @ IN SOA @ rname.invalid. (  0 ; serial  1D ; refresh  1H ; retry  1W ; expire  3H ) ; minimum  NS @  A 127.0.0.1  AAAA ::1  PTR localhost.
   
   
   
设置详解:  
一、设置根区域  
zone "." IN {     type hint;     file "named.ca"; };
   
DNS服务器在本地区域文件不能进行查询解析时,会转到根DNS服务器查询。  
   
二、设置主区域  
1、[root@iZ23mdqdp94Z named]# vi /etc/named.conf  
随意写一个自己的定义的域名myhaspllearn.com。  
zone "myhaspllearn.com"{     type master;  
    file "named.myhaspllearn";  
    allow-update { none; }; }
   
然后,编辑named.myhaspllearn这个正向解析区域文件。  
第1行:  
@出现在正向解析区域文件中,如果遇到@,则可以替换成named.conf中声明的相关正向解析区域名称。比如myhaspllearn.com  
IN表示网络类型Internet  
SOA表示资源 记录类型,表明这是区域数据。  
server.myhaspllearn.com表示域名服务器的主机名称,为这台DNS主机的完整域名  
admin.server.myhaspllearn.com表示邮箱admin@server.myhaspllearn.com,此邮箱为管理员邮箱。当DNS数据更新时,会自动将相关数据发送到该邮箱中。
   
   
   
   
@ IN SOA server.myhaspllearn.com. admin.server.myhaspllearn.com.(20161008;serial10800;refresh120;retry604800;expire86400;default_ttl)@ IN NS server.myhaspllearn.com.;server IN A 120.55.69.31;localhost IN A 127.0.0.1;loopback IN CNAME localhost;                         (编辑:莱芜站长网) 
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